Article 123 Federal Criminal Code

The prison sentence of five to forty years and a fine of up to fifty thousand pesos shall be imposed on the Mexican who commits treason against the homeland in any of the following forms:

I.- Performs acts against the independence, sovereignty or integrity of the Mexican Nation with the purpose of subjecting it to a foreign person, group or government;

II.- Takes part in acts of hostility against the Nation, through warlike actions under the orders of a foreign State or cooperates with the latter in any form that may harm Mexico.

When nationals serve as troops, a prison sentence of one to nine years and a fine of up to ten thousand pesos shall be imposed;

The person who illegally deprives a person of liberty in the national territory in order to deliver that person to the authorities of another country or to move that person outside Mexico with such purpose shall be considered within the case provided for in the first paragraph of this section.

III.- Forms part of armed groups directed or advised by foreigners; organized within or outside the country, when their purpose is to attack the independence of the Republic, its sovereignty, its liberty or its territorial integrity or to invade the national territory, even when there is no declaration of war;

IV.- Destroys or removes with intent (dolo) the markers that mark the limits of the national territory, or causes them to be confused, provided that this gives rise to a conflict for the Republic, or the latter is in a state of war;

V.- Recruits people to make war on Mexico, with the help or under the protection of a foreign government;

VI.- Holds, in times of peace or war, relations or intelligence with a foreign person, group or government or gives it instructions, information or advice, with the object of guiding a possible invasion of the national territory or of altering the internal peace;

VII.- Provides with intent (dolo) and without authorization, in times of peace or war, to a foreign person, group or government, documents, instructions or data on establishments or on possible military activities;

VIII.- Conceals or aids a person who commits acts of espionage, knowing that the latter carries them out;

IX.- Provides to a foreign State or to armed groups directed by foreigners, the human or material elements to invade the national territory, or facilitates their entry into military posts or delivers or causes to be delivered to it combat units or depots of provisions or of war, or impedes Mexican troops from receiving these aids;

X.- Requests the intervention or the establishment of a protectorate of a foreign State or requests that the latter make war on Mexico; if what is requested is not carried out, the prison term shall be four to eight years and a fine of up to ten thousand pesos;

XI.- Invites individuals of another State to take up arms against Mexico or to invade the national territory, whatever the motive taken; if any of these acts is not carried out, the penalty of four to eight years of prison and a fine of up to ten thousand pesos shall be applied;

XII.- Attempts to alienate or encumber the national territory or contributes to its dismemberment;

XIII.- Receives any benefit, or accepts a promise of receiving it, with the purpose of carrying out any of the acts indicated in this article;

XIV.- Accepts from the invader an employment, position or commission and issues, agrees to or votes measures aimed at affirming the intruder government and weakening the national one; and

XV.- Commits, once war is declared or hostilities are broken, sedition, riot, rebellion, terrorism, sabotage or conspiracy.