Article 89 Political Constitution of the United Mexican States

The powers and obligations of the President are the following:

I.Promulgating and executing the laws issued by the Congress of the Union, providing in the administrative sphere for their exact observance.

II.Appointing and freely removing the Secretaries of State, removing the ambassadors, consul generals and senior employees of the Treasury, and appointing and freely removing the other employees of the Union, whose appointment or removal is not otherwise determined in the Constitution or in the laws;

The Secretaries of State and the senior employees of the Treasury and of Foreign Affairs shall enter into their functions on the day of their appointment. When they are not ratified in the terms of this Constitution, they shall cease to exercise their office.

In the cases of the ratification of the Secretaries of Foreign Affairs and of the Treasury, when a coalition government is not opted for, if the respective Chamber does not ratify on two occasions the appointment of the same Secretary of State, the person designated by the President of the Republic shall occupy the office;

III.Appointing, with the approval of the Senate, the ambassadors, consul generals and senior employees of the Treasury;

IV.Appointing, with the approval of the Senate, the Colonels and other senior officers of the Army, Navy, Air Force and National Guard;

V.Appointing the other officers of the Army, Navy, Air Force and National Guard, in accordance with the laws;

VI.Preserving national security, in the terms of the respective law, and having at his disposal the entirety of the permanent Armed Force, that is, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force and the National Guard for the interior security and exterior defense of the Federation;

VII.Having at his disposal the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, in tasks of support to public security, in the terms indicated by law;

VIII.Declaring war in the name of the United Mexican States, with a prior law of the Congress of the Union.

IX.Intervening in the designation of the Attorney General of the Republic and removing him, in terms of the provisions of article 102, Subsection A, of this Constitution;

X.Directing foreign policy and entering into international treaties, as well as terminating, denouncing, suspending, modifying, amending, withdrawing reservations and formulating interpretative declarations on them, submitting them to the approval of the Senate. In the conduct of such policy, the head of the Executive Power shall observe the following normative principles: the self-determination of peoples; non-intervention; the peaceful settlement of controversies; the proscription of the threat or the use of force in international relations; the legal equality of States; international cooperation for development; respect for, protection and promotion of human rights and the struggle for international peace and security;

XI.Convening the Congress to extraordinary sessions, when the Permanent Commission so agrees.

XII.Providing the Judicial Power with the assistance it needs for the expeditious exercise of its functions.

XIII.Enabling all classes of ports, establishing maritime and border customs houses, and designating their location.

XIV.Granting, in accordance with the laws, pardons to prisoners sentenced for crimes within the competence of the federal courts;

XV.Granting exclusive privileges for a limited time, in accordance with the respective law, to the discoverers, inventors or perfecters of some branch of industry.

XVI.When the Senate is not in sessions, the President of the Republic may make the appointments referred to in sections III, IV and IX, with the approval of the Permanent Commission;

XVII.At any moment, opting for a coalition government with one or several of the political parties represented in the Congress of the Union.

The coalition government shall be regulated by the respective agreement and program, which must be approved by a majority of the members present of the Senate. The agreement shall establish the causes of the dissolution of the coalition government.

XVIII.Repealed

XIX.Repealed

XX.The others expressly conferred on him by this Constitution.