Article 31 Political Constitution of the United Mexican States
First Title · Chapter II. On Mexicans
Current text · last reform published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) on 2 June 2026
The obligations of Mexicans are:
I.To be responsible that their daughters, sons or pupils under eighteen years of age attend the schools, to receive compulsory education and, as the case may be, receive military education, in the terms established by the law, as well as to participate in their educational process, by reviewing their progress and performance, always watching over their well-being and development;
II.To attend on the days and hours designated by the Municipal Council (Ayuntamiento) of the place in which they reside, to receive civic and military instruction that keeps them fit in the exercise of the rights of citizen, skilled in the handling of arms, and knowledgeable of military discipline.
III.To enlist and serve in the reserve corps, in accordance with the law, to ensure and defend the independence, the territory, the honor, the rights and interests of the Nation, and
IV.To contribute to the public expenses, both of the Federation and of the States, of Mexico City and of the Municipality in which they reside, in the proportional and equitable manner that the laws provide.