Article 32 Federal Criminal Code

The following are obliged to repair the damage in the terms of article 29:

I.- The ascendants, for the crimes of their descendants who are under their parental authority:

II.- The guardians and the custodians, for the crimes of the incapacitated persons who are under their authority;

III.- The directors of boarding schools or workshops, who receive in their establishment pupils or apprentices under 16 years of age, for the crimes that these execute during the time that they are under the care of the former;

IV.- The owners, companies or persons in charge of businesses or mercantile establishments of any kind, for the crimes that their laborers, day workers, employees, domestic servants and artisans commit, by reason of and in the performance of their service;

V.- The companies or groupings, for the crimes of their partners or managing directors, in the same terms in which, in accordance with the laws, they are responsible for the other obligations that the latter contract.

The marital partnership is excepted from this rule, since, in every case, each spouse shall be liable with his own property for the reparation of the damage that he causes, and

VI.Any institution, association, organization or grouping of a religious, cultural, sports, educational, recreational or any other nature, whose employees, members, integrants, auxiliaries or helpers who carry out their activities voluntarily or remunerated, and

VII.- The State, jointly and severally, for the intentional (with dolo) crimes of its public officials carried out by reason of the exercise of their functions, and subsidiarily when those are negligent (with culpa).